Yas, raws li ib tug derivative ntawm petrochemical kev lag luam, tau dhau los ua ib qho kev hloov rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm siv vim nws zoo heev kev ua tau zoo. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam ntawm cov kav dej yas rau ntau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua lag luam, nrog rau cov khoom sib txawv. Ntau tus neeg yuav tsis paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv.
Qhov tseeb, cov ntaub ntawv yas kuj muaj ntau yam. Yog li, dab tsi plastics feem ntau siv los ua cov kav dej? Yifan Youjia yuav qhia koj kom meej.
1. Polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP) yog cov thermoplastic (kub-meltable) polymerized los ntawm propylene, uas yog cov yas ntom tsawg, feem ntau yog cov khoom tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
Vim tias polypropylene muaj qhov kub thiab txias, txhawm rau txhim kho qhov tsis txaus, propylene feem ntau yog copolymerized nrog me me ntawm ethylene molecules, yog li polypropylene muab faib ua homopolypropylene thiab copolymerized polypropylene.
Polypropylene muaj cov khoom siv siab zoo, thiab nws yooj yim heev rau kub yaj vuam tom qab ua rau hauv cov kav dej. Piv nrog PE, nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, yog li nws tau siv dav hauv kev txhim kho cov kav dej hauv tsev. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv polypropylene ua cov khoom siv raw khoom, nws tau ntsib cov txheej txheem kev txhim kho hauv qab no:
PP-H yog homopolymer polypropylene, feem ntau hu ua hom I polypropylene. Nws yog tag nrho polymerized los ntawm propylene, nrog tsis zoo cuam tshuam tsis kam thiab zoo kub tsis kam. Cov kav dej npaj tau feem ntau yog siv rau cov kav dej tshuaj lom neeg lossis lwm lub hom phiaj engineering.
PP-B yog ib qho thaiv copolymerized polypropylene, feem ntau hu ua hom II polypropylene. PP-B muaj cov ntsiab lus ethylene ntau dua, uas txhim kho nws qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, tab sis poob nws qhov kub thiab txias. Yog li ntawd, cov kav dej ua los ntawm nws feem ntau haum rau cov dej txias.
PP-R yog random copolymerized polypropylene, feem ntau hu ua hom III polypropylene, uas yog polymerized los ntawm ib tug me me ntawm ethylene monomer thiab propylene los ntawm ib tug trackless copolymerization txoj kev. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov kub tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo tuaj, thiab nws dhau los ua cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem siv dav hauv cov dej txias thiab dej kub. Niaj hnub no, PPR tau tuav feem ntau ntawm kev ua lag luam rau cov kav dej hauv kev txhim kho hauv tsev, uas yog sib cais los ntawm kev ruaj ntseg, kev cia siab, kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa, thiab tau kawg, tus nqi pheej yig.
PP-RCT, tseem hu ua kub resistant -crystal PPR, yog hloov PPR khoom, feem ntau hu ua hom IV polypropylene. Txij li thaum daim ntawv hexagonal siv lead ua yog siv los hloov cov monoclinic siv lead ua daim ntawv ntawm PP-R, ntxiv rau cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm PP-R, PP-RCT tau txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tshav kub tsis kam, siab tsis kam thiab toughness. Tam sim no, PP-RCT feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov cua kub cua sov.
2. PB polybutene
Polybutene (PB) yog ib qho thermoplastic (kub-meltable) polymerized los ntawm butene. Nws tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj ntxhiab, thiab muaj qhov txias txias thiab kub ua haujlwm. Nws yog hu ua "gold in plastics".
PB raj feem ntau yog mis nyuj dawb.
Tom qab ua rau hauv cov kav dej, PB cov kav dej muaj qhov ua haujlwm zoo heev, tab sis tsis zoo cuam tshuam thiab ua rau tawg. PB yog nkig ntau dua tom qab kub melting, thiab lub sijhawm txias thiab hardening yog ntev dua, thiab kev tsim kho nyuaj heev. Thaum siv los ua cov yeeb nkab cua sov, vim nws qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo thermal rwb thaiv tsev, nws tsis haum rau hauv pem teb cua sov kav piv rau cov khoom siv PE nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov cua sov.
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